Born: October 9, 1835, ParisDied: December 16, 1921, Algiers (age 86)
glossary
allegro [I]—fast, lively tempo. From the Italian word for cheerful or gay.
andante [I]—moderately slow tempo (e.g. walking). Faster than adagio but slower than allegretto
avec [Fr]—with
chamber music, Kammermusik [G], musique de chambre [F], musica da camera [I], musica cameralis [L]—"Classical Music" for a small ensemble, generally 8 or fewer players with a canonical emphasis on 3-6 players. explore
et [Fr]—and
finale [I], final [F]—The final movement, sometimes explicitly titled thus
gran [I], grandioso—great, grand
lento, lent [F], lentement [F], avec lenteur [F]—slow (tempo)
liberté [F]—freedom, liberty
lusingando [I]—soothing, coaxing, fawning, flattering, alluring, to play in an intimate manner
non—not, no
opus [L], opera[pl], Op., Opp, WoO, Op. posth—work, as in a work of art. For unique identification, publishers/composers often assign an "opus number", abbreviated as "Op." (e.g. Op. 1). A range of works by opus number, uses the plural "opp." (e.g. "Opp. 1-3"). A single opus number may refer to a collection of works (e.g. a set of quartets) giving rise to designations like "Op. 1, No. 4". For misc. works without opus numbers, "WoO" is often used (e.g."Without Opus"). Posthumously assigned numbers may use "Op. posth". Opus numbers may not precisely reflect chronology (publication vs. composition), can be erroneous, sparse or duplicative. Thus, the works of some historically important composers may use separate catalog numbers (e.g. Bach, Haydn, Schubert). See wiki
pas [F], au pas—walking pace; moderately slow
piano trio, Klaviertrio [G], Trio avec piano [F]—an ensemble comprising violin, cello and piano.Second only to the string quartet as an essential genre, form and ensemble of chamber music
prelude, prélude, präludium [G], präludien [G, pl], praeludium, preludio—a movement preceding another almost by way of introduction: to let listeners and players acclimate, often to prepare for greater demands ahead
romanza, romanze, romance—a title for a work or movement implying a rather personal, tender, sentimental or amorous tone. Typically, lyrical.
scherzo—lively, brisk, typically in a triple meter; usually a three-part form with central, contrasting trio
trio (1)—an ensemble or work for 3 players
troppo [I], non troppo, trop [F]—too, too much. non troppo means "not too much". e.g. "Allegro ma non troppo" means fast, but not too much