Born: May 1, 1895, Grand Rapids, MIDied: July 7, 1968, Port Clinton, OH (age 73)
glossary
chamber music, Kammermusik [G], musique de chambre [F], musica da camera [I], musica cameralis [L]—"Classical Music" for a small ensemble, generally 8 or fewer players with a canonical emphasis on 3-6 players. explore
counterpoint, contrapuntal, contrapunctus [L], contrapuncti [pl], contrapunto [I]—A movement in a contrapuntal style, esp./specifically a fugue or canon and/or a general musical aspect. A complex notion and a deep subject, counterpoint generally refers to a musical texture comprising multiple, independent polyphonic melody lines (e.g. parts/voices/instruments) each moving horizontally, and the phenomenon of "point against point" combination into an ever-changing vertical blend. Contrapuntal music is conceived (and best heard) as a fabric of independent threads rather than a series of unified blocks such as "simple" melody and accompaniment or a series of harmonies. Chamber music, almost by definition, tends to be inherently contrapuntal and, in its best examples, supremely contrapuntal, among of its chief distinguishing traits.
Folk, Folk Music, Folksong, Folk Song—A song, melody or style that originates in traditional popular or "folk" culture (music of the people) or that is written in such a style. Folksongs and folk music are often transmitted through a non-written oral history from unknown, anonymous sources. Some folksongs, though regarded as such, have a surprisingly modern provenance with known authorship within a commercial context. Folksongs frequently inspire classical "art" music either directly or through new music composed in folklike idiom.
quartet, quatuor [F], quartett [G], quartetto [I], cuarteto [S]—ensemble or work for four players the most important examples being the string quartet and the piano quartet
string quartet, Streichquartett [G], quatuor à cordes [F], quartetto d'archi [I], quartetto di cordi [I], cuarteto de cuerda [S], vonósnégyes [H]—an ensemble as well as music written for that ensemble comprising 2 violins, viola and cello. This is one of the essential genres / forms / ensembles of chamber music and arguably a critical "core" of "classical" music. Explore the string quartet.