Born: June 5, 1863, WindermereDied: May 2, 1937, London (age 73)
glossary
adagio [It]—slow tempo, often implying a lyrical, poignant character
allegro [I]—fast, lively tempo. From the Italian word for cheerful or gay.
assai—very much. Intensifies the direction of its neighboring words, e.g. "allegro assai", very fast
chamber music, Kammermusik [G], musique de chambre [F], musica da camera [I], musica cameralis [L]—"Classical Music" for a small ensemble, generally 8 or fewer players with a canonical emphasis on 3-6 players. explore
con [I,S]—with
espressivo [It], con espressione, expressif [Fr]—expressive, with expression.with feeling
fantasia, fantasy, fantazy, fantazia, phantasy, phantasie, fancy, fantasie [G], fantaisie [F] —generally, a piece of music favoring a free flight of expression over strict adherence to formal rules; suggesting an improvisational character. However, there are at least two more specific historical meanings: 1) the fantasia/fantasie/fancy of English Renaissance viol consort music and 2) Cobbett's Phantasie, an early 20th century form of single-movement chamber music inspired by the Renaissance fancy with the goal of stimulating new English chamber or "consort" music.
intermezzo, intermedio [S], intermède [F], interlude, Entr'acte—music that is "inserted" (or "interpolated) between two musical entities of greater importance (e.g. movements, acts, verses, etc.). Often suggests music of a lighter character, entertaining contrast or even improvisation.
molto [It]—very much
moto, con moto, di moto—motion, with motion. Somewhat more lively than its context would suggest, e.g. "andante con moto", a little more lively than andante
opus [L], opera[pl], Op., Opp, WoO, Op. posth—work, as in a work of art. For unique identification, publishers/composers often assign an "opus number", abbreviated as "Op." (e.g. Op. 1). A range of works by opus number, uses the plural "opp." (e.g. "Opp. 1-3"). A single opus number may refer to a collection of works (e.g. a set of quartets) giving rise to designations like "Op. 1, No. 4". For misc. works without opus numbers, "WoO" is often used (e.g."Without Opus"). Posthumously assigned numbers may use "Op. posth". Opus numbers may not precisely reflect chronology (publication vs. composition), can be erroneous, sparse or duplicative. Thus, the works of some historically important composers may use separate catalog numbers (e.g. Bach, Haydn, Schubert). See wiki
piano trio, Klaviertrio [G], Trio avec piano [F]—an ensemble comprising violin, cello and piano.Second only to the string quartet as an essential genre, form and ensemble of chamber music
presto—very fast, more so than allegro.
quasi—almost, almost like, as if
spirito, con spirito, spiritoso, spirituoso—Spirited, lively