Ralph Vaughan Williams (1872-1958)
Nationality:
English
Born: October 12, 1872, Down Ampney, Gloucestershire Died: August 26, 1958, London (age 85)
Nocturne and Scherzo for String Quintet
(for 2 violins, 2 violas and cello)
| 6:35 | I. | Nocturne. Largo sostenuto (sempre tempo rubato) | |
| 3:38 | II. | Scherzo 'founded on an English folksong'. Allegro moderato |
Duration: 11 minutes (approximately)
Composed:
1906 (age 33-34)
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glossary
- allegro [I]—fast, lively tempo. From the Italian word for cheerful or gay.
- chamber music, Kammermusik [G], musique de chambre [F], musica da camera [I], musica cameralis [L]—"Classical Music" for a small ensemble, generally 8 or fewer players with a canonical emphasis on 3-6 players. explore
- largo—slow, solemn, sustained.slower than lento. faster than grave
- marcato [i], markiert [G], marqué [F]—accented, stressed, marked, emphasized, pronounced
- nocturne [F], notturno [I], nocturno, Nachtstück [G]—Night music. A romantic character piece depicting moods of the evening or night: quiet, reflective, perhaps romance and melancholy or even restlessness and fantasy. The most famous nocturnes come originally from the piano literature, e.g. John Field and Chopin, et. al.
- rubato—to artfully distort the rhythmic flow for expressive emphasis by slowing (speeding) the tempo around certain points of articulation. Meaning "robbed" time suggesting that a slowing must be balanced by a speeding up
- scherzo—lively, brisk, typically in a triple meter; usually a three-part form with central, contrasting trio
- sempre—always, throughout, continuously
- sostenuto [I], soutenu [F]—sustained, perhaps a bit slow
- tempo, tempi [pl]—speed or pace at which music progresses. Traditional classic music typically uses standard Italian words to designate the tempo, e.g. Allegro or adagio. Metronome markings provide precise numerical speeds. Tempo selection during performance is a complex artistic choice informed by composer's markings, performance tradition, technical limitations and interpretation.