William Shield (1748-1829)

Nationality: English

Born: March 5, 1748, Swalwell Died: January 25, 1829, London (age 80)

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String Trio No. 4 in E major

(for violin, viola and cello)

Composed: 1796 (age 47-48)

agitato, agité [F]—agitated, restless, excited
allegro [I]—fast, lively tempo. From the Italian word for cheerful or gay.
cantabile, cantate, cantando—singing, lyrical, flowing
chamber music, Kammermusik [G], musique de chambre [F], musica da camera [I], musica cameralis [L]—"Classical Music" for a small ensemble, generally 8 or fewer players with a canonical emphasis on 3-6 players. explore
e [It]—and
larghetto—slow, but a bit faster than largo
moderato [I], moderamente, modéré [F], modérément [F]—moderately, at a moderate tempo, applying a touch of restraint to its related word(s), e.g. allegro moderato
rondo—sectional movement form featuring a recurring refrain between contrasting episodes in a variety of plans, a typical one being ABACABA (A is the refrain; B and C are episodes). Often used for finales.
semplice [I], con semplicità—simple, unaffected
string trio, Streichtrio [G], Trio d'archi [I], Trio à cordes [F], Trío de cuerdas [S] —a work for three stringed instruments, most commonly violin, viola and cello. A more rarefied form than the string quartet perhaps because the texture is sparse (each instrument highly exposed) and the means more difficult for natural harmonic richness. But these become challenges and assets in the great trios. Trios almost always emphasize countrapuntal writing with each of the three players in strong relief.